Persistently elevated β-human chorionic gonadotropin level after vacuum-assisted uterine aspiration

Mindra A, Mindra P. Persistently elevated β-human chorionic gonadotropin level after vacuum-assisted uterine aspiration. Case Study and Case Report 2022; 12(3): 25 - 28. ABSTRACT Urothelial bladder carcinoma accounts for nearly 90% of all bladder cancers. Cigarette smoking, chronic cystitis, and human papillomavirus infection are all risk factors. Hematuria, obstructive voiding, and irritative symptoms are common symptoms. Despite the prevalence of urothelial carcinoma, elevation of -human chorionic gonadotropin in these tumors is uncommon. This case report alerts gynecologic practitioners to the possibility of urologic causes of -human chorionic gonadotropin elevation, even in the setting of a recent spontaneous abortion, and provides a comprehensive review of diagnostic testing in the setting of -human chorionic gonadotropin elevation. In the setting of significant vaginal bleeding, a 46-year-old non woman, former smoker, with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome, high-risk human chorionic gonadotropin infection, and hypertension, underwent vacuum-assisted aspiration. Pathology confirmed the presence of fetal tissue. Human chorionic gonadotropin levels fell to 10.5 mU/mL and were no longer monitored due to the resumption of menstruation. Her human chorionic gonadotropin level was found to be elevated six months later during a routine preoperative evaluation for orthopedic surgery. She also had asymptomatic hematuria that persisted. She underwent a thorough gynecologic and urologic work-up that included hysteroscopy, dilation and curettage, methotrexate therapy, computerized tomographic imaging, and cystoscopy before being diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma. Keywords: β-human chorionic gonadotropin, vacuum-assisted uterine aspiration, bleeding

Ceftriaxone-induced encephalopathy in a patient with a solitary kidney

Chaithanyasree V, Chaithanyasree C. Ceftriaxone-induced encephalopathy in a patient with a solitary kidney. Case Study and Case Report 2022; 12(2): 22 - 24. ABSTRACT A long-acting third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftriaxone (CRO). An 80-year-old male patient with a single right kidney who was admitted with bilateral pneumonia and right pyelonephritis is the subject of our case study of CRO-induced encephalopathy. The infection was treated with intravenous CRO (2 g, every 24 hours), but tonic-clonic seizures of the left face and left upper extremity began to occur on the later day. Our findings imply that assessment of the drug's blood level may be useful for anticipating the likelihood of negative CNS effects from CRO, a common antibacterial medication. Keywords: Ceftriaxone, encephalopathy, solitary, kidney

COVID-19 panic, use of traditional herb and hepatitis

Xaiyaphoom S, Mungmunpuntipantip R. COVID-19 panic, use of traditional herb and hepatitis. Case Study and Case Report 202; 12(1): 19 - 21. ABSTRACT COVID-19 is an emerging disease that affects several countries around the world. This disease started in China then transmitted to Thailand and other countries. As a new disease, general people usually feel fear for the infection and panic might occur. This is similar to the observation in previous emerging diseases. In Southeast Asia, after COVID-19 existed, the panic also occurred. The mass panic results in many unexpected consequences such as insufficient mask distribution and panic disorder among local people. Here, the authors present a case (63 years old Thai female) with chief complaint of upper right quadrant abdominal pain. The liver function test showed extremely high SGOT (154 U/L) and SGPT (182 U/L). The patient did not drink alcoholic beverage and the hepatitis virus profile test (HBsAg and AntiHCV) result was negative. From history taking, the paint expressed a great fear for getting COVID-19 infection, therefore, she bought Thai traditional medicine drug namely “fahtalaijone” (made from Andrographis paniculata and manufactured and registered by Thai Governmental Pharmaceutic Organization) and took more than 10 capsules per day aiming at prevention of disease. The excessive use of Thai traditional medicine capsule was believed to be the cause of acute hepatitis in this case. The patient was suggested to stop using the traditional medicine capsule. The liver function test of the patient returned to normal within 2 weeks. This can show that panic is an important problem to be recognized. The COVID-19 panic can further result in organic disorder such as acute hepatitis in the present case. Keywords: COVID-19, panic, herb, hepatitis

False-positive HIV in a COVI-19 patient

Scoof P. False-positive HIV in a COVI-19 patient. Case Study and Case Report 2022; 12(2): 15 - 18. ABSTRACT Although a tiny percentage of Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases are linked to co-infections, they can occasionally be false positive due to cross-reactivities. The purpose of this paper is to disclose a rare instance of COVID-19 patient with a false-positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Keywords: false, positive, HIV, COVID-19

Mania and psychosis four months after traumatic brain injury successfully treated using olanzapine

Chaithanyasree C. Mania and psychosis four months after traumatic brain injury successfully treated using olanzapine. Case Study and Case Report 2022; 12(1): 11 - 14. ABSTRACT Few pharmacologic trials for the treatment of acute mania after traumatic brain injury have been published. This is a rare case report of an individual being treated and stabilized for this disease with olanzapine monotherapy. Keywords: Mania, psychosis, traumatic brain injury, olanzapine

Aortic valve insufficiency due to myxomatous degeneration: a case report

Ramindo TH, Pusin Q. Aortic valve insufficiency due to myxomatous degeneration: a case report. Case Study and Case Report 202; 12(1): 6 – 10. ABSTRACT Myxomatous degeneration is a non-inflammatory degenerative disease that causes acid mucopolysaccharide accumulation in the valve's fibrosa layer. This form of degeneration most usually affects the mitral valve, resulting in mitral regurgitation; nevertheless, few cases of myxomatous aortic valve degeneration resulting in acute decompensated heart failure have been recorded. We present a case of acute decompensated heart failure caused by myxomatous aortic valve degeneration to emphasize the need of investigating myxomatous degeneration as an underlying etiology of symptomatic aortic insufficiency. Over the course of a month, a 61-year-old woman developed increasingly worsening dyspnea, cough, and peripheral edema. Aortic valve regurgitation was discovered through a clinical evaluation and imaging investigations (AVR). Following that, the aortic valve was replaced. The histology result indicated that the aortic valve had myxomatous degeneration. The patient was sent home once his symptoms improved. The bioprosthetic valve had a normal hemodynamic profile across it, with no aortic regurgitation or paravalvular leak, according to a subsequent transesophageal echocardiography. We present a case of heart failure caused by myxomatous aortic valve degeneration with a distinctive appearance. In addition, a review of the available literature on myxomatous aortic valve degeneration was undertaken to highlight the importance of early diagnosis and adequate treatment in improving the quality of life of patients. Keywords: Aortic regurgitation; valvular disease; myxomatous degeneration

Primary solitary fibrous tumor of the thyroid gland: a case report

Bekabi VT. Primary solitary fibrous tumor of the thyroid gland: a case report. Case Study and Case Report 202; 12(1): 1 – 5. ABSTRACT The thyroid gland's primary solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor with fibroblastic differentiation, ramified, thin-walled, swollen (staghorn) arteries, and an unique NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion that is more usually observed in the pleura and peritoneum. This neoplasm can occur in a variety of anatomical locations. Examples of places outside the pleura and peritoneum include bone, visceral organs, and soft tissues, as well as the head and neck. Extra-pleural and extra-peritoneal tumors account for only 10-15% of all extra-pleural and extra-peritoneal tumors. This entity's diagnosis can be difficult. Microscopic characteristics, in combination with STAT6 and CD34 positive, help confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possibilities. Differential diagnosis is a term used to describe a thyroid SFTs have little information about their diagnostic and therapeutic choices. Raising awareness of the tumor's extra-pleural and extraperitoneal presence in endocrine organs will help these patients be effectively managed. The case of a 44-year-old woman with primary SFT of the thyroid gland is presented. In addition, we search the literature for the neoplasm's primary clinical, paraclinical, and pathological characteristics. Keywords: Thyroid, mesenchymal, neoplasm