Fahr's syndrome: bilateral basal ganglia calcifications presenting as psychosis with manic characteristics

Dashtseren Y, Dashtseren P. Fahr's syndrome: bilateral basal ganglia calcifications presenting as psychosis with manic characteristics. Case Study and Case Report 2023; 13(2): 12 - 16. ABSTRACT Fahr's syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative condition characterized by symmetric bilateral basal ganglia calcifications. While the majority of cases are genetic with autosomal dominant inheritance, a small minority are sporadic with no metabolic or other underlying factors found. Fahr's syndrome manifests neurological and psychological symptoms such as movement abnormalities, seizures, psychosis, and depression. Almost 40% of people with basal ganglia calcification have mental symptoms such as mania, apathy, or psychosis. We discuss the case of a 52-year-old woman with no prior medical or psychiatric history who arrived with altered mental status that developed to psychosis over the course of three years. On one visit, the patient had increased liver enzymes and a positive antinuclear antibody panel but no electrolyte problems or movement issues. In the emergency department, the patient was diagnosed with nonspecific psychosis, which was later corrected to Fahr's syndrome, which was verified by neuroimaging. This report details her Fahr's syndrome appearance, clinical symptoms, and therapy. Above important, it emphasizes the significance of a thorough workup and adequate follow-up for middle-aged and older patients with cognitive and behavioral abnormalities, as Fahr's syndrome can be difficult to diagnose in the early stages. Key words: Fahr's syndrome, cognitive, behavior

Atypical manifestations of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma with signet ring features: A case report.

Demir T, Zoreb P. Atypical manifestations of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma with signet ring features: A case report. Case Study and Case Report 2023; 13(1): 8 - 11. ABSTRACT Primary pulmonary malignancies are among the most frequent cancers in the world. Adenocarcinoma is the most common non-small cell lung cancer, however there are various subtypes with different molecular and genetic expressions that cause different symptoms. Rare manifestations include chronic back pain and tracheal bronchial tumors. Because more than 95% of tracheal bronchial tumors are benign, they are rarely biopsied. There have been a few reports of secondary tracheal bronchial tumors caused by lung adenocarcinoma. We present the first case report of a rare presentation of primary pulmonary cancer. Key words: adenocarcinoma, manifestation, signet ring

Acrodystrophic axonal polyneuropathy in celiac disease: a case report

Kvasnevskyi I, Bradunaite P. Acrodystrophic axonal polyneuropathy in celiac disease: a case report. Case Study and Case Report 2023; 13(1): 3 - 7. ABSTRACT Celiac disease may be a potential cause of neuropathy and encephalopathy in adult patients. Further immunosuppressive treatment protocols for both intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease are required. Despite a fairly wide range of celiac neuropathies, we report a case of the acrodystrophic variant of celiac polyneuropathy. Key words: celiac disease, neuropathy, immune.