Effects of low pressure hypoxia on oxidation - antioxidant system of athletes

EFFECTS OF LOW PRESSURE HYPOXIA ON OXIDATION – ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF ATHLETES

            

Li ZZ. Effects of low pressure hypoxia on oxidation - antioxidant system of athletes. Case Study Case Rep. 2018; 8(1): 1 - 8.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work is to study the effect of hypobaric hypoxia on the oxidative-antioxidant system of volleyball players, and to provide a safe and reliable clinical treatment for cardiovascular disease. Eight volleyball athletes trained on low altitude and low oxygen in a plateau on May 12, 2017 were listed as observation group, and 20 athletes trained in normothermic normoxia were selected. (P <0.05). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the brain tissue of the two groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), and the levels of mitochondrial malondialdehyde (MDA) And myocardial mitochondrial free Ca^{2 +} levels. The levels of SOD and CAT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05), and the level of SOD and CAT in the observation group was the highest (P <0.05). The expression of Cygb in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The level of Cygb in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05, t = 2.8676). The myocardial mitochondrial free Ca2 + level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, P < 0.05, t = 5.8190. Volleyball player's oxidation-oxidation system is related to the generation of oxygen free radicals. It can be judged by monitoring the parameters such as SOD, CAT, Cygb, MDA, ATP, Ca^{2 +} and other indicators in the brain tissue during the daily life signs of athletes. According to the principle of relevance, take CIHH for treatment.

Keywords: Volleyball player, oxidation - antioxidant system, low pressure hypoxia, SOD, CAT

Pierre Robin Sequence: A clinical case presentation

PIERRE ROBIN SEQUENCE: A CLINICAL CASE PRESENTATION

  

Al hojaili N, Kutbi I, Al Zahrani AS, Al malky H. Pierre Robin Sequence: A clinical case presentation. Case Study Case Rep. 2018; 8(1): 9 - 12.

                                                                                                                        

ABSTRACT

Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) indicates the association of glossoptosis, micrognathia and airway blocking. Cases immediately after birth with severe dyspnea due to upper airway blocking are very unusual with this syndrome. We reported a case with PRS who developed severe dyspnea due to morphological abnormality immediately after birth and were rescued for short time by fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation. The patient had micrognathia and cleft palate, and his tongue protruded into the nasal cavity via a cleft palate. He was diagnosed as Pierre Robin sequence due to his invaginated tongue was considered an extreme type of glossoptosis. The patient also accompanied some anomalad. Unaccepted, her chromosome analysis showed a normal configuration. Moreover, tongue protruded into the nasal cavity via a cleft palate occupied pharynx and nasal cavity, resulting in severe dyspnea. Therefore, fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation was done to secure the airway for resuscitation. PRS case with extreme type of glossoptosise require resuscitation by fiberoptic intubation immediately after birth. As such, neonatologists should obtain the skill of fiberoptic intubation.

Keywords: Case presentation, Pierre Robin sequence, Glossoptosis, Micrognathia, Airway blocking, Fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation

Oxidative Stress in pediatric patients with acute hepatitis A

OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ACUTE HEPAITTIS A
Güler S, Kuratas EB, Ozden DS, Taner SS. Oxidative Stress in pediatric patients with acute hepatitis A. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(4): 101 - 109.

ABSTRACT
We aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress, taking place in the pathogenesis of
many diseases, in patients with hepatitis A by evaluating the levels of malondialdehyde
(MDA) and Arylesterase (AREase) together. Patients with acute hepatitis A (n = 22) and
age- and sex-matched healthy group as controls (n = 30) were enrolled in this study.
Oxidative stress indicator such as AREase and MDA were studied in serum samples by the
method of ELISA and spectrophotometric, respectively. There was a statistically significant
difference between patients and controls for all parameters (P< 0.05). Malondialdehyde was
significantly elevated (P< 0.001), while AREase were significantly decreased (all P< 0.001)
in patients compared to healthy subjects. Our study shows that elevated MDA levels and
decreased AREase activity in patients with acute Hepatitis A may be indicating an oxidative
damage. Therapeutic strategies focused on decreasing oxidative stress may be used in the
management of the disease.

Keywords: Antioxidant, Oxidative stress, Hepatitis A

Omphiasis following Zika virus infection: a case report

OPHIASIS FOLLOWING ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION: A CASE REPORT

Mistro P¹*, Gomes R¹ 

1.                  Salvador Medical Center, Salvador, Brazil

Correspondence:

Dr. Mistro Perez. Salvador Medical Center, Salvador, Brazil

Email: mistrope@hotmail.com

                                             

Mistro P, Gomes R. Ophiasis following Zika virus infection: a case report. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(4): 95 - 100.

ABSTRACT

Zika virus infection is an important public health issue at present. The trichological manifestation of Zika virus infection is little mentioned in the literature. Here, the authors report a case presenting with ophiasis following Zika virus infection. According to our best knowledge, this is the first report on this problem.

Key words:  Ophiasis, Zika, infection

Hot cross bun sign in a patient with CADASIL: a case

HOT CROSS BUN SIGN IN A PATIENT WITH CADASIL: A CASE REPORT

Zhang J¹, Shi SL¹*

1.    Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University,

Nanning, Guangxi, China

Correspondence:

Dr. Shengliang Shi. Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

Email: gxmu_ssl@hotmail.com

                                             

Zhang J, Shi SL. Hot cross bun sign in a patient with CADASIL: a case report. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(4): 91 - 94.

ABSTRACT

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited arteriopathy whose key features include migraine headaches, recurrent subcortical ischaemic events and vascular dementia. Here, we report on a patient with the hot cross bun sign who presented with CADASIL.

Key words:  Hot cross bun sign, CADASIL, MSA

Tongue bee sting and severe allergy after drinking soft drink contaminated with bees

Prasad R, Prasad M. Tongue bee sting and severe allergy after drinking soft drink contaminated with bees. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(4): 88 - 90.

ABSTRACT

Dengue is a common problem in tropical medicine. This infection can manifest as acute febrile illness and might result in hemorrhagic complication. Long term complication due to dengue is rarely mentioned. The hepatic dysfunction due to dengue is observable and the problem can last for a long term. In this case report, the authors report on an interesting case of post dengue elevation of serum transaminase. The long term follow-up of the case until returning to normal limit was done. The period that requires for returning to normal is 8 months. The elevation of serum transaminase enzymes after acute dengue infection is possible and it can spontaneous resolve without any requirement for specific management. Nevertheless, the time required for returning to normal is long. Based on our best knowledge, this is the first world report on the closed follow-up of case with post dengue elevation of serum transaminase.

Key words:  Bee, tongue, sting

Post - dengue elevation of serum transaminase until returning to normal limit: long term follow-up

Prasad S, Prasad T, Amerva T. Post - dengue elevation of serum transaminase until returning to normal limit: long term follow-up. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(4): 83 - 87.

ABSTRACT

Dengue is a common problem in tropical medicine. This infection can manifest as acute febrile illness and might result in hemorrhagic complication. Long term complication due to dengue is rarely mentioned. The hepatic dysfunction due to dengue is observable and the problem can last for a long term. In this case report, the authors report on an interesting case of post dengue elevation of serum transaminase. The long term follow-up of the case until returning to normal limit was done. The period that requires for returning to normal is 8 months. The elevation of serum transaminase enzymes after acute dengue infection is possible and it can spontaneous resolve without any requirement for specific management. Nevertheless, the time required for returning to normal is long. Based on our best knowledge, this is the first world report on the closed follow-up of case with post dengue elevation of serum transaminase.

Key words:  Dengue, transaminase

Analysis of the cause of Cetacean “short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus)” strandings on Probolinggo Coast, East Java Province, Indonesia.

Yunus M, Purwahidayat A, Srianto P, Mufasirin, Legowo D, Ferdiansyah H. Analysis of the
cause of Cetacean “short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus)” strandings on
Probolinggo Coast, East Java Province, Indonesia. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(3): 76 - 82.

ABSTRACT
Indonesian waters is one of the habitat and simultaneously a migration path so many different
species of mammals of Cetacean (whales and dolphins) and Sirenia. Whales and dolphins are
a group of aquatic animals that are often washed up on the shores of Indonesia. Strandings of
marine mammals requires fast action and precise handling, particularly those that are still
alive so it can be saved, as a safeguard and preservation. The researchers do not have a
definitive reason why stranded marine mammals, but there are many theories and analytical
approach through the predictions are used to determine the cause. The social life of animals,
bad weather, extreme ocean waves and animals follow prey to the beach are some of the most
likely causes. Some of the other causes that have been identified is a disease, a parasitic
infection, the growth of harmful algae, injuries from boat collisions or entangled, trauma,
hunger and military exercises using special sonar. The current of the tides are strong and vary
from day to day, causing indeterminate conditions for navigation are predicted as one of the
causes. Decreased oxygen levels and water salinity are thought to be among the causes that
led dozens of short-finned pilot whales to wash up on a beach in Randupitu village, Gending
district, Probolinggo regency, East Java. Data from the Meteorology, Climatology and
Geophysics Agency (BMKG) Juanda, Surabaya, reveals that it was likely that strong currents
in the northern Java Sea had carried the pilot whales ashore. According to the data, strong
winds of more than 28 knots caused high seas with 2 to 3.5 meter waves. The high waves also
caused oxygen level decreases deep below the surface and lowered water salinity, which was
accompanied with a sea level rise. The BMKG added that these three elements had led deep
water fish to migrate to the surface, leading many of them to become stuck in shallow waters.
Keywords: Pilot whales, analysis, cause, stranding

Effects of 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in patients

Effects of  ^99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in patients
Salmanoglu E, Kurutas EB. Effects of  99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in patients.Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(3): 65 – 75. 

ABSTRACT

We aimed to define the effects of Technetium-99m Methylendiphosphonate  bone scintigraphy  on oxidative/nitrosative stress in patients after intravenous injection and compared to healthy control group.  Forty patients for bone scintigraphy and forty healthy control group were included this study. The age range was similar in both groups (18-74 years). The blood samples were taken  from patients 2 hour after intravenous  injection of 20 mCi (740 MBq) Technetium-99m Methylendiphosphonate. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdeyhde levels were measured as oxidative stress biomarkers and nitric oxide  and nitrotyrosine   levels were measured as nitrosative  stress biomarkers in patients and control group. There were no significant differences according to both age and sex between two groups (p˃0.05). Activities of catalase and superoxide enzymes and malondialdeyhde levels in patients were increased in patients compared to controls (p<0.05). Also, nitric oxide  and nitrotyrosine levels in patients were higher than control group (p<0.05). Technetium-99m Methylendiphosphonate  may cause both oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients. Also antioxidant defense of the patients was higher compared to healthy subjects possibly due to a compensatory response to ionising radiation in the living cells and thereby protects the cells against oxidative/nitrosative damage.

Keywords: Bone scintigraphy, oxidative/nitrosative stress, catalase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, nitrotyrosine

Hunter Syndrome complicated by a communicating hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts at a very young age

Mól N, Ptak K, Zasada M, Końska K, Pilch M, Knapp A, Kwinta P. Hunter Syndrome complicated by a communicating hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts at a very young age. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(3): 53 - 64.

ABSTRACT 

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient activity of iduronate 2-sulfatase, which regulates lysosomal catabolism of the glycosaminoglycans. As a consequence, undegraded dermatan and heparan sulfates accumulate in all the tissues and organs of the body, including the central nervous system, where they cause irreversible changes. Some of the neurological manifestations include behavioral problems, mental retardation or cognitive deterioration, ventriculomegaly, hydrocephalus, compressive myelopathy, seizures or hearing loss. This report describes an infant boy diagnosed with MPS II who presented with an acute communicating hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts at 9 months of age. The patient was diagnosed with MPS II shortly after birth because of his positive family history. At that time he did not present any physical manifestation of the disease, all the imaging studies of the head, abdomen and cardiac function were normal. He was started on enzyme replacement therapy with Elaprase® , which he received every week at our Clinic. Such frequent visits allowed for an immediate diagnosis of sudden increase of the intracranial pressure and the timely surgical intervention. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with MPS II, who developed acute hydrocephalus requiring surgical implementation of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt at such a young age. Keywords: Hunter Syndrome, hydrocephalus, arachnoid cyst

Cervical aspergillosis in a post-menopausal female- A case report

Cervical aspergillosis in a post-menopausal female- A case report

Natekar AA, Agarwal S, Sengupta A. Cervical Aspergillosis in a post-menopausal female- A case report. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(3): 49 – 52.

ABSTRACT

Fungal infections are commonly encountered in the female genital tract on routine cervical smear examination, the most common being candida. Cervico-vaginal aspergillosis infection is rarely reported. We report a case of aspergillus infection in an immunocompetent 55 year old post-menopausal female who presented with white discharge per vaginum. Initially the cervical pap smears showed only inflammatory changes. On per speculum examination the cervix appeared congested and ulcerated. Cervical biopsy was performed which showed sheets and balls of aspergillus fungus with areas of necrosis. PAS staining further confirmed the diagnosis. Serological tests performed were negative. Patient was started on antifungal and repeat biopsy from cervix did not show any fungal hyphae.

Keywords: Aspergillus, immunocompetent, cervix.

Type I free gas bloat vagal indigestion in a 10-month old west African dwarf goat: a case report

Olaifa AK, Oguntoye CO. Type I free gas bloat vagal indigestion in a 10-month old west
African dwarf goat: a case report. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(2): 35 – 45.

ABSTRACT

Type I vagal indigestion, or failure of eructation, results in free-gas bloat and has been
attributed to inflammatory lesions in the vicinity of the vagus nerve, such as localized
peritonitis, adhesions (usually after an episode of traumatic reticuloperitonitis), or chronic
pneumonia with anterior mediastinitis. Bloat is an over distention of the rumen and reticulum
with the gases of fermentation. Free gas bloat is a secondary tympany where vagus
indigestion or other innervations disorders, esophageal papilloma, lymphosarcoma and
esophageal foreign bodies are examples of its causes. A 10-month old West African Dwarf
buck was presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital University of Ibadan with a
distended abdomen which was more towards the left side following a fight between the buck
and another buck in the same pen. The distention occurred gradually over a week. Physical
examination was performed and a left ping was heard on percussion of the distention after
which the animal was taken into the theatre for exploratory rumenotomy. When bloating
occurs, these gases cannot escape, they continue to build up and cause severe distention of
the abdomen, reflected by discomfort and acute pain, furthermore bloat cause decrease
respiratory rate due to compression of the thorax followed by Dyspnea and difficult
breathing, however the compression might affected heart lead to increase its rate and intensity
causing reduced performance, activity and death in some cases.
Keywords: Vagal indigestion, bloat, rumenotomy, buck

CASE STUDY AND CASE REPORT

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Gianotti-Crosti syndrome after Japaneseencephalitis vaccination: a case report.

Tiemsiriwatt W, Guillinan L. Gianotti-Crosti syndrome after Japaneseencephalitis vaccination: a case report. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(2): 31 – 34.

ABSTRACT

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is an uncommon syndrome with dermatological presentation that can be self-limited. It is seen as a childhood exanthem that manifests in a characteristic acral distribution and commonly seen in post-viral infections. However, it can also be seen in cases with history of vaccination. Here, the author presents a case of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome after Japanese encephalitis vaccination.

Keywords: Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, Japanese encephalitis, vaccination

CASE STUDY AND CASE REPORT

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Phenotypic spectrum of congenital Zika syndrome: a comment on the usefulness of case report

Joob B, Yasser F. Phenotypic spectrum of congenital Zika syndrome: a comment on the usefulness of case report. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(2): 29 - 30.

ABSTRACT

Editorial: “Phenotypic spectrum of congenital Zika syndrome: a comment on the usefulness of case report” 

Keywords: Zika virus, spectrum, case report

CASE STUDY AND CASE REPORT

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Hematuria after Cordeceps mushroom intake

Joob B, Fei T. Hematuriaafter Cordeceps mushroom intake. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(1): 25 - 28.

ABSTRACT

There are many mushrooms that have been used as pharmacological recipes for a very long time in Asia. Cordeceps mushroom is good example. It is widely used among the Chinese ethnic people aiming at maintenance of normal physiology. The problem due to use of medicinal mushroom has been sporadically reported for many years. Here, the authors report a case of hematuria after Cordeceps mushroom intake. This case study can be a good information triggering the concern for control of te presently uncontrolled use of medicinal mushroom products.

Keywords: Hematuria, Cordeceps, mushroom

CASE STUDY AND CASE REPORT

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False non-reactive VDRL in a patient with later syphilis and underlying HIV infection: A case report

Fredon S. False non-reactive VDRL in a patient with later syphilisand underlying HIV infection: A case report. Case Study and Case Report 2016; 7(1): 1 - 4.

ABSTRACT

Sexually transmitted disease (STD) is still important public health problem around the world. Syphilis is an old disease that is still detectable in the present day. VDRL serological test is the classical laboratory investigation for syphilis. The problem of false reactive and false non-reactive VDRL is interesting finding. Here, the author reports a case of false non-reactive VRDL in a patient with later syphilis and underlying HIV infection.

Keywords: HIV, syphilis, VDRL, false

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Multiple subconjunctival Bevacizumab injections for recurrent pterygium

Rama B, Lokaj  AS. Multiple subconjunctival Bevacizumab injections forrecurrent pterygium. Case Study and Case Report 2017; 7(1): 5 - 14.

ABSTRACT

A pterygium is defined as a triangular ocular surface lesion growing from conjunctiva towards limbus cornea and corneal surface. It is also characterized as fibrovascular growth, hyperplastic epithelial proliferation and tissue degeneration leading to persistent chronic inflammation. It usually appears more frequently in patients who live in hot climate and constant sun or ultraviolet exposure. Other risk factors are toxic material exposure, dry eye and familiar predisposition. There are 4 types of pterygium basing on its extension on corneal surface. Irritation and visual acuity problems are the most common symptoms in advanced stages, but small lesions can be asymptomatic. Although the pathogenesis is not yet clearly understood, it is considered as chronic cellular proliferation caused by transforming growth factor, (TGF)-β1 known as one of the main mediators of fibroblast stimulation and vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF the main role factor mediator of angiogenesis and  fibroblast stimulation. In our study we represent a case series of patient treated with subconjuctival Bevacizumab injections for ten weeks. Over expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) associated with intense angiogenesis process shows that it is an obvious factor which with significant role in pterygium development. There is possible adjuvant therapy for pterygium treatment. Bevacizumab is anti-VEGF, a human monoclonal antibody against VEGF with anti angiogenic effect which decreases fibrovascular invasion and migration and decreases the fibroblast expression. It is used in ophthalmology as an off-label treatment for retinal disease and also pterygium treatment. We represent the effectiveness of multiple Bevacisumab injections in pterygium. Based on our evaluation of the case series with subconjuctival Bevacizumab injections without following surgery, we came to the conclusion that there are no significant changes in recurrence of pterygium.

Keywords: Recurrent pterygium, suconjunctival bevacizumab

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Musical hallucinations in epilepsy: A case report

Ortega-Sanchez MA, Velandia-Martínez A, Peña I, Araujo AT, Martínez-Perez. Musical hallucinations in epilepsy:A case report. Case Study and Case Report 2017; 7(1): 15 - 21.

ABSTRACT

Musical hallucinations are rare manifestations of neurological disorders; they are usually associated with psychiatric diseases. Herein, we report a case of a 46 years old male patient with melody perception as an epileptic manifestation of an oligoastrocytoma in the left temporal lobe with an abnormal prolonged video telemetry.

Keywords: Musical, hallucinations, oligoastrocytomas, epilepsy

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Acquired dengue virus infection by needlestick injury: a case report.

Rahim F. Acquired dengue virus infectionby needlestick injury: a case report. Case Study and Case Report 2017; 7(1): 22 - 24.

ABSTRACT

Dengue is a common tropical infection that can be transmitted mainly by Aedes mosquito bite. However there are also other possible rare modes of transmission of dengue. The good examples are the vertical transmission and transmission due to blood receipt.  Here, the authors present case of acquired dengue virus infection by needle stick injury. We propose that the needle stick can be a possible uncommon method of transmission of dengue can should be a big topic in occupational health for the medical personnel.

Keywords: Needle stick, dengue, transmission

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