Effects of 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in patients

Effects of  ^99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in patients
Salmanoglu E, Kurutas EB. Effects of  99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy on oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in patients.Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(3): 65 – 75. 

ABSTRACT

We aimed to define the effects of Technetium-99m Methylendiphosphonate  bone scintigraphy  on oxidative/nitrosative stress in patients after intravenous injection and compared to healthy control group.  Forty patients for bone scintigraphy and forty healthy control group were included this study. The age range was similar in both groups (18-74 years). The blood samples were taken  from patients 2 hour after intravenous  injection of 20 mCi (740 MBq) Technetium-99m Methylendiphosphonate. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdeyhde levels were measured as oxidative stress biomarkers and nitric oxide  and nitrotyrosine   levels were measured as nitrosative  stress biomarkers in patients and control group. There were no significant differences according to both age and sex between two groups (p˃0.05). Activities of catalase and superoxide enzymes and malondialdeyhde levels in patients were increased in patients compared to controls (p<0.05). Also, nitric oxide  and nitrotyrosine levels in patients were higher than control group (p<0.05). Technetium-99m Methylendiphosphonate  may cause both oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients. Also antioxidant defense of the patients was higher compared to healthy subjects possibly due to a compensatory response to ionising radiation in the living cells and thereby protects the cells against oxidative/nitrosative damage.

Keywords: Bone scintigraphy, oxidative/nitrosative stress, catalase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, nitrotyrosine

Hunter Syndrome complicated by a communicating hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts at a very young age

Mól N, Ptak K, Zasada M, Końska K, Pilch M, Knapp A, Kwinta P. Hunter Syndrome complicated by a communicating hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts at a very young age. Case Study Case Rep. 2017; 7(3): 53 - 64.

ABSTRACT 

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient activity of iduronate 2-sulfatase, which regulates lysosomal catabolism of the glycosaminoglycans. As a consequence, undegraded dermatan and heparan sulfates accumulate in all the tissues and organs of the body, including the central nervous system, where they cause irreversible changes. Some of the neurological manifestations include behavioral problems, mental retardation or cognitive deterioration, ventriculomegaly, hydrocephalus, compressive myelopathy, seizures or hearing loss. This report describes an infant boy diagnosed with MPS II who presented with an acute communicating hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts at 9 months of age. The patient was diagnosed with MPS II shortly after birth because of his positive family history. At that time he did not present any physical manifestation of the disease, all the imaging studies of the head, abdomen and cardiac function were normal. He was started on enzyme replacement therapy with Elaprase® , which he received every week at our Clinic. Such frequent visits allowed for an immediate diagnosis of sudden increase of the intracranial pressure and the timely surgical intervention. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with MPS II, who developed acute hydrocephalus requiring surgical implementation of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt at such a young age. Keywords: Hunter Syndrome, hydrocephalus, arachnoid cyst